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    Leviticus · 47 verses

    Leviticus 11

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    A carcass may fall on dry seed and leave it clean; add water first, and the same accident makes it unclean.

    The creatures with the right arrangementvv. 1–23

    The LORD gives Moses and Aaron a catalogue in which anatomy does the sorting: split hoof and cud for land animals, fins and scales for water creatures, and a long roll of forbidden birds. Flying insects are described as walking on all fours, though a small and wonderfully technical exception admits those with jointed legs for hopping. Locust, katydid, cricket, and grasshopper thus escape the general disgrace.

    When the dead thing landsvv. 24–43

    The chapter then turns from identifying creatures to the trouble caused by their carcasses. A dead crawler can contaminate clothing, leather, a tool, a pot, an oven, or a cooking vessel; the clay pot must be broken, while a spring or cistern remains clean, although the person touching the carcass does not. Dry seed is spared, but seed already wetted is not—a remarkably narrow little doorway through which uncleanness enters.

    The reason givenvv. 44–47

    At the close, the catalogue is gathered into a distinction between clean and unclean, edible and forbidden. The LORD gives the reason in two sentences: he is holy, and he brought Israel up out of Egypt to be their God. After the camels, bats, pots, seeds, and spring water, the chapter ends with a sorting rule.

    The text

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    Berean Standard Bible, public domain. Names the Hebrew and Greek put in the verse link to the person, place or people they name; the address beside each verse is a link to that verse, which is what a reader copies and shares.

    1. Lev 11:1The LORD spoke again to Moses and Aaron, telling them,

    2. Lev 11:2“Say to the Israelites, ‘Of all the beasts of the earth, these ones you may eat:

    3. Lev 11:3You may eat any animal that has a split hoof completely divided and that chews the cud.

    4. Lev 11:4But of those that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, you are not to eat the following: The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.

    5. Lev 11:5The rock badger, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.

    6. Lev 11:6The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.

    7. Lev 11:7And the pig, though it has a split hoof completely divided, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you.

    8. Lev 11:8You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.

    9. Lev 11:9Of all the creatures that live in the water, whether in the seas or in the streams, you may eat anything with fins and scales.

    10. Lev 11:10But the following among all the teeming life and creatures in the water are detestable to you: everything in the seas or streams that does not have fins and scales.

    11. Lev 11:11They shall be an abomination to you; you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses.

    12. Lev 11:12Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales shall be detestable to you.

    13. Lev 11:13Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

    14. Lev 11:14the kite, any kind of falcon,

    15. Lev 11:15any kind of raven,

    16. Lev 11:16the ostrich, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,

    17. Lev 11:17the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl,

    18. Lev 11:18the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey,

    19. Lev 11:19the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe, and the bat.

    20. Lev 11:20All flying insects that walk on all fours are detestable to you.

    21. Lev 11:21However, you may eat the following kinds of flying insects that walk on all fours: those having jointed legs above their feet for hopping on the ground.

    22. Lev 11:22Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket, or grasshopper.

    23. Lev 11:23All other flying insects that have four legs are detestable to you.

    24. Lev 11:24These creatures will make you unclean. Whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,

    25. Lev 11:25and whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening.

    26. Lev 11:26Every animal with hooves not completely divided or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you. Whoever touches any of them will be unclean.

    27. Lev 11:27All the four-footed animals that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,

    28. Lev 11:28and anyone who picks up a carcass must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. They are unclean for you.

    29. Lev 11:29The following creatures that move along the ground are unclean for you: the mole, the mouse, any kind of great lizard,

    30. Lev 11:30the gecko, the monitor lizard, the common lizard, the skink, and the chameleon.

    31. Lev 11:31These animals are unclean for you among all the crawling creatures. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until evening.

    32. Lev 11:32When one of them dies and falls on something, that article becomes unclean; any article of wood, clothing, leather, sackcloth, or any implement used for work must be rinsed with water and will remain unclean until evening; then it will be clean.

    33. Lev 11:33If any of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean; you must break the pot.

    34. Lev 11:34Any food coming into contact with water from that pot will be unclean, and any drink in such a container will be unclean.

    35. Lev 11:35Anything upon which one of their carcasses falls will be unclean. If it is an oven or cooking pot, it must be smashed; it is unclean and will remain unclean for you.

    36. Lev 11:36Nevertheless, a spring or cistern containing water will remain clean, but one who touches a carcass in it will be unclean.

    37. Lev 11:37If a carcass falls on any seed for sowing, the seed is clean;

    38. Lev 11:38but if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.

    39. Lev 11:39If an animal that you may eat dies, anyone who touches the carcass will be unclean until evening.

    40. Lev 11:40Whoever eats from the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening, and anyone who picks up the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening.

    41. Lev 11:41Every creature that moves along the ground is detestable; it must not be eaten.

    42. Lev 11:42Do not eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it crawls on its belly or walks on four or more feet; for such creatures are detestable.

    43. Lev 11:43Do not defile yourselves by any crawling creature; do not become unclean or defiled by them.

    44. Lev 11:44For I am the LORD your God; consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am holy. You must not defile yourselves by any creature that crawls along the ground.

    45. Lev 11:45For I am the LORD, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt so that I would be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy.

    46. Lev 11:46This is the law regarding animals, birds, all living creatures that move in the water, and all creatures that crawl along the ground.

    47. Lev 11:47You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between animals that may be eaten and those that may not.’”

    01 — Also here

    Who else the chapter reaches

    Names written in the English are linked in the text above. These are the ones that are not: an entity the Hebrew or Greek names under a spelling the translation does not use, or one reached only by an assertion about a verse of this chapter.

    Named in the Hebrew or Greek somewhere in this chapter, under a form the English renders differently — the registry's Ludim against the translation's Ludites — so there is no word in the sentence to hang the link on.

    Reached by an assertion Atlas extracted from a verse of this chapter rather than by a name written in it — a pronoun, a title, or a participant the sentence carries without naming. This layer is model-read and measured at 88.6–90.3% precision, and it is kept separate from the names above for that reason.

    02 — Read alongside

    Where this is echoed

    Readers' own connections, from OpenBible's crowd-voted cross-references — agreement about relevance, and not scholarly confidence. 292 passages were voted onto 34 verses of this chapter; the 16 shown lead on votes, and each is listed at the verse it was voted onto most strongly.

    • 44Exodus 20:2“I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
    • 45Leviticus 11:44For I am the LORD your God; consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am holy. You must not defile yourselves by any creature that crawls along the ground.
    • 441 Peter 1:15–16But just as He who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do,
    • 44Leviticus 19:2“Speak to the whole congregation of Israel and tell them: Be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy.
    • 44Leviticus 20:7Consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am the LORD your God.
    • 441 Thessalonians 4:7For God has not called us to impurity, but to holiness.
    • 44Leviticus 20:26You are to be holy to Me because I, the LORD, am holy, and I have set you apart from the nations to be My own.
    • 441 Peter 2:9But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light.
    • 45Exodus 6:7I will take you as My own people, and I will be your God. Then you will know that I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians.
    • 451 Peter 1:16for it is written: “Be holy, because I am holy.”
    • 44Deuteronomy 14:2for you are a people holy to the LORD your God. The LORD has chosen you to be a people for His prized possession out of all the peoples on the face of the earth.
    • 45Psalms 105:43–45He brought forth His people with rejoicing, His chosen with shouts of joy.
    • 7Deuteronomy 14:8as well as the pig; though it has a divided hoof, it does not chew the cud. It is unclean for you. You must not eat its meat or touch its carcass.
    • 7Isaiah 66:17“Those who consecrate and purify themselves to enter the groves—to follow one in the center of those who eat the flesh of swine and vermin and rats—will perish together,” declares the LORD.
    • 7Isaiah 65:4sitting among the graves, spending nights in secret places, eating the meat of pigs and polluted broth from their bowls.
    • 7Isaiah 66:3Whoever slaughters an ox is like one who slays a man; whoever sacrifices a lamb is like one who breaks a dog’s neck; whoever presents a grain offering is like one who offers pig’s blood; whoever offers frankincense is like one who blesses an idol. Indeed, they have chosen their own ways and delighted in their abominations.

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