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    Deuteronomy · 19 verses

    Deuteronomy 25

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    A man who refuses his brother’s widow may find himself sandal-less, spat upon, and remembered as the founder of “The House of the Unsandaled.”

    Judgment, lashes, and an ox with an excellent claimvv. 1–4

    Disputes go to court, where the innocent are acquitted and the guilty condemned. A guilty man may be flogged in the judge’s presence, but not beyond forty lashes, lest punishment become degradation. Then, with no ceremony at all, the chapter turns to an ox treading grain: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.”

    The unsandaled housevv. 5–16

    If brothers dwell together and one dies without a son, his widow is to remain within the family, and the brother is to preserve the dead man’s name through the first son born to her. If he refuses, the widow takes the matter to the elders at the city gate. They summon him; if he still says, “I do not want to marry her,” she removes his sandal, spits in his face, and announces the fate of a man who will not maintain his brother’s line. His family is then called “The House of the Unsandaled.” A fight between two men supplies the chapter’s most severe bodily penalty for the woman who intervenes in a particularly intimate fashion. After that come honest weights and measures, which are treated with rather less theatre but no less firmness.

    The memory of Amalekvv. 17–19

    The chapter ends with a remembered attack. The Amalekites met Israel on the journey from Egypt when the people were tired and weary, striking the stragglers and showing no fear of God. When the LORD gives Israel rest in the land, the memory of Amalek is to be blotted out from under heaven. The final instruction is admirably plain: “Do not forget!”

    The text

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    Berean Standard Bible, public domain. Names the Hebrew and Greek put in the verse link to the person, place or people they name; the address beside each verse is a link to that verse, which is what a reader copies and shares.

    1. Deut 25:1If there is a dispute between men, they are to go to court to be judged, so that the innocent may be acquitted and the guilty condemned.

    2. Deut 25:2If the guilty man deserves to be beaten, the judge shall have him lie down and be flogged in his presence with the number of lashes his crime warrants.

    3. Deut 25:3He may receive no more than forty lashes, lest your brother be beaten any more than that and be degraded in your sight.

    4. Deut 25:4Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.

    5. Deut 25:5When brothers dwell together and one of them dies without a son, the widow must not marry outside the family. Her husband’s brother is to take her as his wife and fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law for her.

    6. Deut 25:6The first son she bears will carry on the name of the dead brother, so that his name will not be blotted out from Israel.

    7. Deut 25:7But if the man does not want to marry his brother’s widow, she is to go to the elders at the city gate and say, “My husband’s brother refuses to preserve his brother’s name in Israel. He is not willing to perform the duty of a brother-in-law for me.”

    8. Deut 25:8Then the elders of his city shall summon him and speak with him. If he persists and says, “I do not want to marry her,”

    9. Deut 25:9his brother’s widow shall go up to him in the presence of the elders, remove his sandal, spit in his face, and declare, “This is what is done to the man who will not maintain his brother’s line.”

    10. Deut 25:10And his family name in Israel will be called “The House of the Unsandaled.”

    11. Deut 25:11If two men are fighting, and the wife of one comes to rescue her husband from the one striking him, and she reaches out her hand and grabs his genitals,

    12. Deut 25:12you are to cut off her hand. You must show her no pity.

    13. Deut 25:13You shall not have two differing weights in your bag, one heavy and one light.

    14. Deut 25:14You shall not have two differing measures in your house, one large and one small.

    15. Deut 25:15You must maintain accurate and honest weights and measures, so that you may live long in the land that the LORD your God is giving you.

    16. Deut 25:16For everyone who behaves dishonestly in regard to these things is detestable to the LORD your God.

    17. Deut 25:17Remember what the Amalekites did to you along your way from Egypt,

    18. Deut 25:18how they met you on your journey when you were tired and weary, and they attacked all your stragglers; they had no fear of God.

    19. Deut 25:19When the LORD your God gives you rest from the enemies around you in the land that He is giving you to possess as an inheritance, you are to blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven. Do not forget!

    01 — Also here

    Who else the chapter reaches

    Names written in the English are linked in the text above. These are the ones that are not: an entity the Hebrew or Greek names under a spelling the translation does not use, or one reached only by an assertion about a verse of this chapter.

    Named in the Hebrew or Greek somewhere in this chapter, under a form the English renders differently — the registry's Ludim against the translation's Ludites — so there is no word in the sentence to hang the link on.

    Reached by an assertion Atlas extracted from a verse of this chapter rather than by a name written in it — a pronoun, a title, or a participant the sentence carries without naming. This layer is model-read and measured at 88.6–90.3% precision, and it is kept separate from the names above for that reason.

    02 — Read alongside

    Where this is echoed

    Readers' own connections, from OpenBible's crowd-voted cross-references — agreement about relevance, and not scholarly confidence. 124 passages were voted onto 16 verses of this chapter; the 16 shown lead on votes, and each is listed at the verse it was voted onto most strongly.

    • 41 Timothy 5:17–18Elders who lead effectively are worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching.
    • 41 Corinthians 9:9–10For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.” Is it about oxen that God is concerned?
    • 5Luke 20:28“Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man is to marry his brother’s widow and raise up offspring for him.
    • 5Matthew 22:24“Teacher,” they said, “Moses declared that if a man dies without having children, his brother is to marry the widow and raise up offspring for him.
    • 16Proverbs 11:1Dishonest scales are an abomination to the LORD, but an accurate weight is His delight.
    • 5Genesis 38:8–9Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife. Perform your duty as her brother-in-law and raise up offspring for your brother.”
    • 5Mark 12:19“Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man is to marry his brother’s widow and raise up offspring for him.
    • 5Ruth 1:12–13Return home, my daughters. Go on, for I am too old to have another husband. Even if I thought there was hope for me to have a husband tonight and to bear sons,
    • 8Ruth 4:6The kinsman-redeemer replied, “I cannot redeem it myself, or I would jeopardize my own inheritance. Take my right of redemption, because I cannot redeem it.”
    • 9Ruth 4:7–8Now in former times in Israel, concerning the redemption or exchange of property, to make any matter legally binding a man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party, and this was a confirmation in Israel.
    • 9Numbers 12:14But the LORD answered Moses, “If her father had but spit in her face, would she not have been in disgrace for seven days? Let her be confined outside the camp for seven days; after that she may be brought back in.”
    • 12Deuteronomy 19:13You must show him no pity. You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.
    • 16Revelation 21:27But nothing unclean will ever enter it, nor anyone who practices an abomination or a lie, but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s Book of Life.
    • 17Exodus 17:8–16After this, the Amalekites came and attacked the Israelites at Rephidim.
    • 18Romans 3:18“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”
    • 18Psalms 36:1For the choirmaster. A Psalm of David, the servant of the LORD. An oracle is in my heart regarding the transgression of the wicked man: There is no fear of God before his eyes.

    Onward

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    Next chapterDeuteronomy 2619 verses.Named hereAmalekEverything the graph connects to this name.BookDeuteronomyAll 34 chapters.Every bookThe Bible66 books, 1,189 chapters.